Decoding the puzzle: Chinese culture, familial transfers, and disputes in Western courts

Abstract More and more Chinese live in Western countries nowadays many disputes over transfers between family members are brought to courts. Generally, little documentary evidence on such transactions is available the oral commonly divergent as what was agreed happened. judges faced with puzzle whether transfer a gift, loan, or an equity investment. This article elaborates relevant cultural dimensions recent developments. It discusses relevance determining nature of investigates clearly established norms could be admissible aiding interpretation, even implied terms, transaction. argues that culture should seriously considered assessing credibility witnesses. critiques prevailing common law presumptions, proposes analytical model aiming assist lawyers assess influence properly for better answers puzzles.